One patient was in the prone position, and it could not be denied that the event was possibly caused by physical pressure. To our knowledge, there have been two reports of contact dermatitis associated with BIS sensors. In addition, the researchers presumed that these events were caused by the AgCl electrode or an external force such as a pulling force or the prone position.
Previous reports of skin lesions caused by the BIS sensor observed spotted bleeding and erythema on the area in contact with the foam and blisters on the area in contact with the adhesive. The Ag-AgCl electrode is printed on polyester material, and acrylic adhesive and foam are attached to it.
We experienced a case of contact dermatitis caused by a BIS sensor, and the results of our patch test identified the adhesive part of the sensor as the cause.īIS sensors are based on Zipprep™ technology for ensuring good skin contact and optimal signal quality. Erythema peaked on the fifth postoperative day and improved gradually thereafter.Ĭontact dermatitis associated with anesthesia can be attributable to ECG electrodes, Prone Positioner™, and contaminants on facemasks however, the incidence is low, and it often is impossible to sufficiently investigate the causes. The patient was administered topical steroids and antihistamines. She visited a dermatologist 5 days after surgery, and the anesthesiologist identified dermatitis (Fig. Three days after surgery, she felt itching sensations and burning pain and noticed erythema on her forehead. Subsequently, the patient was discharged from the hospital. The anesthesiologist made a postoperative round the morning after surgery and found no complications. The patient had no apparent skin reaction on postoperative day 1.
No abnormal skin reaction was noted in the region surrounding the BIS sensors, ECG electrodes, and eye patches. After surgery, the eye patches and BIS sensor were removed in the operating room. During surgery, hydrocortisone 100 mg and acetaminophen 1000 mg were administered to prevent laryngeal edema and analgesia, separately. The durations of anesthesia and surgery were 85 and 43 min, respectively. We used eye patches (Nichiban, Tokyo, Japan) for eye protection during surgery. Anesthesia was maintained with desflurane and oxygen to ensure a BIS of 40–60. Propofol and remifentanil were used for induction, and rocuronium was used for nasal intubation. Immediately before induction, an electrode for the BIS monitor (BIS QUATRO Brain Monitoring Sensor, Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) was attached in a routine manner after alcohol skin preparation as recommended by the manufacturer.
In the operating room, electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes (Vitorode L, Nihon Kohden, Tokyo, Japan) and other standard noninvasive ASA monitors were attached. She had no skin disease or history of allergy preoperatively, and she was receiving no medications. You can use the the interactive AFib Risk Assessment tool to help estimate your risk of AFib.A 38-year-old female patient with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1 underwent tooth extraction under general anesthesia. In atrial fibrillation, the upper chambers of the heart (the atria) beat irregularly (quiver) instead of beating effectively to move blood into the ventricles.įor more information, visit Arrhythmia Alliance and the American Heart Association website.
Normally, your heart contracts and relaxes to a regular beat. At least 2.7 million Americans are living with AFib. What is atrial fibrillation (AFib)?Ītrial fibrillation (also called AFib or AF) is a quivering or irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) that can lead to blood clots, stroke, heart failure and other heart-related complications. Irregular heart rhythms can also occur in "normal, healthy" hearts. What causes arrhythmias, or irregular heart rhythms?Īrrhythmias may be caused by many different factors, including prior heart attack or heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes or sleep apnea. Your doctor can then use this data to prescribe the most effective form of treatment. However before you can begin treatment, the condition must be diagnosed.Ī simple, one-time test with the Zio by iRhythm system could be all you need to find out whether or not you have an arrhythmia and what kind you have. Fortunately, there are treatments available for arrhythmias. You may have an irregular heartbeat or an arrhythmia. It might be so slight that you don’t even feel it or experience any symptoms. It may feel like skipped beats or a brief pause. Your heart might beat too slow, too fast, or with an irregular beat. Do you sometimes experience a skipped beat in your chest? Or feel a racing of the heart?